// Fig. 16.4: Fig16_04.cpp
// Demonstrating stack unwinding.
#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
using namespace std;

// function3 throws runtime error
void function3() throw ( runtime_error )
{
   cout << "In function 3" << endl;

   // no try block, stack unwinding occurs, return control to function2
   throw runtime_error( "runtime_error in function3" ); // no print
} // end function3

// function2 invokes function3
void function2() throw ( runtime_error )
{
    try {
       cout << "function3 is called inside function2" << endl;
       function3(); // stack unwinding occurs, return control to function1
    } catch (runtime_error& e) {
        cout << "Exception occurred: " << e.what() << endl;
        cout << "Exception handled in function2()" << endl;
        throw;
    }
} // end function2

// function1 invokes function2
void function1() throw ( runtime_error )
{
    try {
       cout << "function3 is called inside function1" << endl;
       function3(); // stack unwinding occurs, return control to function1
    } catch (runtime_error& e) {
        cout << "Exception occurred: " << e.what() << endl;
        cout << "Exception handled in function1()" << endl;
    }
} // end function1

// demonstrate stack unwinding
int main()
{
   // invoke function1
   try 
   {
      cout << "function1 and function2 is called inside main" << endl;
      function1(); // call function1 which throws runtime_error
      function2();
   } // end try
   catch ( runtime_error &error ) // handle runtime error
   {
      cout << "Exception occurred: " << error.what() << endl;
      cout << "Exception handled in main" << endl;
   } // end catch
} // end main


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